පිළිකා වැළැක්වීම සහ පරීක්ෂණ
පිළිකා 30-50% ක් වැළැක්විය හැකිය. ශ්රී ලංකාවේ පොදු අවදානම් සාධක, නිර්දේශිත පරීක්ෂණ කාලසටහන් සහ පිළිකා කලින් හඳුනා ගන්නේ කෙසේදැයි ඉගෙන ගන්න.
වැළැක්වීම පිළිකාවට එරෙහි වඩාත්ම බලවත් ආයුධයයි. අවදානම් සාධක තේරුම් ගැනීමෙන් සහ නිතිපතා පරීක්ෂණ මගින් ඔබට පිළිකා අවදානම සැලකිය යුතු ලෙස අඩු කළ හැකිය.
ශ්රී ලංකාවේ අවදානම් සාධක
මෙම ජීවන රටා සහ පාරිසරික සාධක ශ්රී ලාංකිකයන් අතර පිළිකා අවදානම වැඩි කරයි.
Betel Chewing (Bulath Vita)
Betel quid with areca nut and tobacco is strongly linked to oral, oesophageal, and pharyngeal cancers. Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of oral cancer globally due to this practice.
Stop betel chewing completely. Encourage family members to quit.
Tobacco Use
Smoking and smokeless tobacco cause lung, oral, throat, bladder, and many other cancers. Even passive smoking is harmful.
Quit smoking. Call the Alcohol and Drug Information Centre (ADIC): +94 112 508 384
Alcohol Consumption
Alcohol increases the risk of liver, breast, colorectal, and several other cancers. There is no safe level of alcohol for cancer prevention.
Reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption.
Diet & Obesity
Processed foods, excessive red meat, low fibre diets, and obesity increase cancer risk. Sri Lanka's rising obesity rates are a concern.
Eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Maintain a healthy weight.
UV Exposure
Prolonged sun exposure without protection increases skin cancer risk.
Use sunscreen, wear protective clothing, and avoid peak sun hours.
Infections
HPV (cervical cancer), Hepatitis B/C (liver cancer), and H. pylori (stomach cancer) are preventable causes.
Get vaccinated for HPV and Hepatitis B. Treat H. pylori if positive.
පරීක්ෂණ කාලසටහන
නිතිපතා පරීක්ෂණ මගින් රෝග ලක්ෂණ පෙනීමට පෙර පිළිකා හඳුනාගත හැකිය, ප්රතිකාර වඩාත් ඵලදායී වන විට.
Breast Cancer
Who: Women 20+
Where: Any hospital, Cancer Early Detection Centre (CEDC), or Breast Clinic
What: Monthly self-exam from age 20. Clinical breast exam annually from 30. Mammogram every 1-2 years from age 40.
Cervical Cancer
Who: Women 21-65
Where: MOH clinic, CEDC, hospital gynaecology department
What: Pap smear every 3 years from age 21, or HPV test every 5 years from age 30.
Oral Cancer
Who: All adults, especially betel chewers and smokers
Where: Dental clinic, CEDC, or during routine medical check-ups
What: Annual oral examination. Self-check monthly for sores, white patches, or lumps.
Colorectal Cancer
Who: Adults 45+
Where: Hospital gastroenterology department
What: Faecal occult blood test (FOBT) annually. Colonoscopy every 10 years from age 45.
Prostate Cancer
Who: Men 50+ (earlier if family history)
Where: Hospital urology department
What: Discuss PSA testing with your doctor. Digital rectal exam as recommended.
Skin Cancer
Who: All adults
Where: Dermatology clinic
What: Monthly self-exam for new or changing moles. Annual skin check if high risk.
ස්වයං පරීක්ෂණ මාර්ගෝපදේශ
Breast Self-Exam
- 1Stand in front of a mirror with arms at sides - look for changes in shape, size, or skin
- 2Raise arms overhead and look for the same changes
- 3Lying down, use the opposite hand to feel each breast in circular motions
- 4Cover the entire breast from collarbone to below the bra line, armpit to centre
- 5Check for lumps, thickening, dimpling, or nipple discharge
- 6Do this monthly, ideally 7-10 days after your period starts
Oral Self-Exam
- 1Look at and feel the inside of your lips and gums
- 2Check the roof of your mouth and the floor of your mouth
- 3Pull out your tongue and look at all surfaces
- 4Feel for lumps or thickened areas on your cheeks
- 5Look for white or red patches, sores that don't heal within 2 weeks, or unusual growths
- 6Check your neck for any swollen lymph nodes
පිළිකා කල්තියා හඳුනාගැනීමේ මධ්යස්ථාන (CEDCs)
ශ්රී ලංකාවේ NCCP මගින් රට පුරා පිළිකා කල්තියා හඳුනාගැනීමේ මධ්යස්ථාන පවත්වාගෙන යයි. ඔබට නොමිලේ පිළිකා පරීක්ෂණ ලබාගත හැකිය.
වැළැක්වීම සඳහා එන්නත්
HPV Vaccine
Protects against: Cervical, throat, and other HPV-related cancers
Who should get it: Girls and boys aged 9-14 (most effective before age 15). Can be given up to age 45.
HPV vaccination can prevent up to 90% of cervical cancers.
Hepatitis B Vaccine
Protects against: Liver cancer
Who should get it: All infants (part of Sri Lanka's routine immunisation). Adults who weren't vaccinated should get it.
Hepatitis B vaccination can prevent up to 80% of liver cancers.